LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON IMPORT AND EXPORT COM-MODITY INSPECTION ——附加英文版
The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON IMPORT AND EXPORT COM-MODITY INSPECTION
(Adopted at the Sixth Meeting of the Standing Committee of the
Seventh National People's Congress on February 21, 1989, promulgated by
Order No. 14 of the President of the People's Republic of China on
February 21, 1989, and effective as of August 1, 1989)
Contents
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Inspection of Import Commodities
Chapter III Inspection of Export Commodities
Chapter IV Supervision and Administration
Chapter V Legal Responsibility
Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1
This Law is enacted with a view to strengthening the inspection of import
and export commodities, ensuring the quality of import and export
commodities, protecting the lawful rights and interests of the parties
involved in foreign trade, and promoting the smooth development of China's
economic and trade relations with foreign countries.
Article 2
The State Council shall establish an Administration for Import and Export
Commodity Inspection (hereinafter referred to as the State Administration
for Commodity Inspection), which shall be in charge of the inspection of
import and export commodities throughout the country. The local import and
export commodity inspection authorities (hereinafter referred to as the
commodity inspection authorities) set up by the State Administration for
Commodity Inspection shall be responsible for the inspection of import and
export commodities within areas under their jurisdiction.
Article 3
The commodity inspection authorities and other inspection organizations
designated by the State Administration for Commodity Inspection and the
commodity inspection authorities shall, in accordance with the law,
perform the inspection of import and export commodities.
Article 4
The State Administration for Commodity Inspection shall, in the light of
the needs in the development of foreign trade, make, adjust and publish a
List of Import and Export Commodities Subject to Inspection by the
Commodity Inspection Authorities (hereinafter referred to as the List of
Commodities).
Article 5
Import and export commodities which are included in the List of
Commodities and import and export commodities subject to inspection by the
commodity inspection authorities under other laws or administrative rules
and regulations must be inspected by the commodity inspection authorities
or inspection organizations designated by the State Administration for
Commodity Inspection or the commodity inspection authorities. No
permission shall be granted for the sale or use of import commodities
specified in the preceding paragraph until they have undergone inspection;
and no permission shall be granted for the export of export commodities
specified in the preceding paragraph until they have been found to be up
to standard through inspection.
Import and export commodities specified in the first paragraph of this
Article may be exempted from inspection upon the examination and approval
of an application from the consignee or consignor by the State
Administration for Commodity Inspection.
Article 6
Inspection on import and export commodities performed by the commodity
inspection authorities shall cover quality, specifications, quantity,
weight, packing and the requirements for safety and hygiene.
Import and export commodities governed by compulsory standards or other
inspection standards which must be complied with as provided for by laws
or administrative rules and regulations shall be inspected in accordance
with such inspection standards; in the absence of such stipulations,
import and export commodities shall be inspected in accordance with the
inspection standards agreed upon in the foreign trade contracts.
Article 7
Import and export commodities or items subject to inspection by other
inspection organizations under laws or administrative rules and
regulations shall be inspected in accordance with the provisions of
relevant laws or administrative rules and regulations.
Article 8
The State Administration for Commodity Inspection and the commodity
inspection authorities shall collect information on the inspection of
import and export commodities and make it available to the relevant
circles.
Chapter II Inspection of Import Commodities
Article 9
For import commodities which are subject to inspection by the commodity
inspection authorities in accordance with this Law, the consignee must
register them with the commodity inspection authorities located at the
port of discharge or the station of arrival. Import commodities which are
included in the List of Commodities shall be checked and released by the
Customs upon presentation of the seal of the commodity inspection
authorities affixed to the Customs declaration.
Article 10
For import commodities which are subject to inspection by the commodity
inspection authorities in accordance with this Law, the consignee shall
apply to the same authorities for inspection in places and within the time
limit specified by them. The commodity inspection authorities shall
accomplish the procedures for inspection and issue an inspection
certificate within the period of validity of claims prescribed in a
foreign trade contract.
Article 11
If import commodities other than those which are subject to inspection by
the commodity inspection authorities in accordance with this Law are found
to be not up to the quality standard, damaged or short on weight or
quantity, the consignee shall apply to the commodity inspection
authorities for inspection and the issuance of an inspection certificate
if such a certificate is necessary for claiming compensation.
Article 12
For important import commodities and a complete set of equipment in large
size, the consignee shall, in accordance with the terms agreed upon in a
foreign trade contract, conduct initial inspection or initial supervision
over manufacturing or loading in the exporting country before shipment,
while the relevant competent departments shall strengthen their
supervision. The commodity inspection authorities may, when necessary,
dispatch inspection personnel to take part in such inspection and
supervision.
Chapter III Inspection of Export Commodities
Article 13
For export commodities which are subject to inspection by the commodity
inspection authorities in accordance with this Law, the consignor shall
apply to the same authorities for inspection in the places and within the
time limit specified by them. The commodity inspection authorities shall
accomplish the procedures for inspection and issue a certificate without
delaying the prescribed time for shipment. Export commodities which are
included in the List of Commodities shall be checked and released by the
Customs upon presentation of the inspection certificate or the paper for
release issued by the commodity inspection authorities or the seal of the
same authorities affixed to the Customs declaration.
Article 14
Export commodities which have been inspected and passed by the commodity
inspection authorities and for which an inspection certificate or a paper
for release has been issued by the same authorities shall be declared for
export and shipped out of the country within the time limit specified by
the same authorities. Failing to meet the time limit shall entail
reapplication for inspection.
Article 15
An enterprise manufacturing packagings for dangerous export goods must
apply to the commodity inspection authorities for a test of the
performance of such packagings. An enterprise producing dangerous export
goods must apply to the same authorities for a test of the use of
packagings. No permission shall be granted for the export of dangerous
goods kept in packagings which have not passed a test.
Article 16
For vessel holds or containers used for carrying perishable foods, the
carrier or the organization using the containers shall apply for
inspection before loading. No permission shall be granted for loading and
shipment until the relevant conditions are passed by the inspectors.
Chapter IV Supervision and Administration
Article 17
The commodity inspection authorities may make a random inspection of
import and export commodities beyond those subject to inspection by the
commodity inspection authorities in accordance with this Law. No
permission shall be granted for the export of export commodities found to
be substandard in a random inspection.
Article 18
The commodity inspection authorities may, when necessary, assign
inspection personnel to manufacturers of export commodities which are
included in the List of Commodities to take part in supervision over the
quality inspection of export commodities before they leave the factory.
Article 19
The commodity inspection authorities may undertake the quality
certification of import and export commodities on the basis of agreements
signed between the State Administration for Commodity Inspection and the
foreign bodies concerned or upon entrustment by the foreign bodies
concerned. They may permit the use of quality certification marks on
import and export commodities which have been given quality certification.
Article 20
The State Administration for Commodity Inspection and the commodity
inspection authorities shall, on the basis of the requirements in their
inspection, entrust competent inspection organizations at home and abroad
with the inspection of import and export commodities after examining their
qualifications.
Article 21
The State Administration for Commodity Inspection and the Commodity
inspection authorities shall exercise supervision over the import and
export commodity inspection conducted by the inspection organizations
designated or approved by them and may make a random inspection of the
commodities which have been inspected by such organization.
Article 22
The State shall, when necessary, institute a quality licence system for
important import and export commodities and their manufacturers. The
specific measures thereof shall be drawn up by the State Administration
for Commodity Inspection in conjunction with the relevant competent
departments under the State Council.
Article 23
The commodity inspection authorities may, when necessary, place commodity
inspection marks or sealings on import and export commodities proved to be
up to standard through inspection.
Article 24
In case an applicant for the inspection of import and export commodities
disagrees with the results of inspection presented by the commodity
inspection authorities, he may apply for reinspection to the same
authorities, to those at the next higher level or to the State
Administration for Commodity Inspection. The conclusion on reinspection
shall be made by the commodity inspection authorities or the State
Administration for Commodity Inspection which has accepted the application
for reinspection.
Article 25
The commodity inspection authorities, the inspection organizations
designated by them and other inspection organizations approved by the
State Administration for Commodity Inspection may handle the business of
superintending and surveying import and export commodities as entrusted by
parties involved in foreign trade or by foreign inspection bodies.
The scope of business of superintending and surveying import and export
commodities shall cover: inspection of the quality, quantity, weight and
packing of import and export commodities; inspection of cargoes with
respect to general or particular average; inspection of container cargoes;
damage survey of import cargoes; inspection of technical conditions for
the shipment of exports; measurement of dead tonnage; certification of the
origin or value of exports and other superintending and surveying
services.
Chapter V Legal Responsibility
Article 26
Anyone who, in violation of the relevant provisions of this Law, purposely
markets or uses import commodities which are included in the List of
Commodities or subject to inspection by the commodity inspection
authorities in accordance with other laws or administrative rules and
regulations without having such commodities inspected, or purposely
exports export commodities which are included in the List of Commodities
or subject to inspection by the commodity inspection authorities in
accordance with other laws or administrative rules and regulations without
having such commodities inspected and proved up to standard shall be fined
by the commodity inspection authorities. If the circumstances are serious
and cause heavy economic losses, the criminal responsibility of the
personnel directly responsible shall be investigated by applying mutatis
mutandis the provisions of Article 187 of the Criminal Law.
Anyone who, in violation of the provisions of Article 17 of this Law,
purposely exports export commodities which have been found substandard
during a random inspection by the commodity inspection authorities, shall
be punished in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.
Article 27
If the falsifying or remaking of the certificates or documents, seals or
stamps, marks, sealings or quality certification marks for commodity
inspection constitutes a crime, the criminal responsibility of the
personnel directly responsible shall be investigated by applying mutatis
mutandis the provisions of Article 167 of the Criminal Law; if the
circumstances are minor, the offender shall be fined by the commodity
inspection authorities.
Article 28
If a party refuses to accept the punishment decision of the commodity
inspection authorities, he may, within 30 days of receiving the notice on
the punishment, apply for reconsideration to the same authorities which
have made the punishment decision, to those at the next higher level or to
the State Administration for Commodity Inspection. If the party refuses
to accept the decision on the reconsideration, he may, within 30 days of
receiving the notice on the reconsideration decision, bring a suit nor
complies with the punishment decision within the prescribed time limit,
the commodity inspection authorities which have made the punishment
decision shall apply to a court of law for compulsory execution.
Article 29
Any functionary of the State Administration for Commodity Inspection or of
the commodity inspection authorities or any of the inspection personnel of
the inspection organizations designated by the State Administration for
Commodity Inspection and the commodity inspection authorities who abuses
his power, commits irregularities for the benefit of his relatives or
friends, falsifies inspection results or fails to conduct inspection and
issue a certificate within the time limit through dereliction shall,
depending on the seriousness of the circumstances, be given administrative
sanction, or his criminal responsibility shall be investigated according
to law.
Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions
Article 30
The commodity inspection authorities and other inspection organizations
shall collect fees according to relevant provisions for carrying out
inspection or performing superintending and surveying services in
accordance with the provisions of this Law. The procedures for collecting
fees shall be drawn up by the State Administration for Commodity
Inspection in conjunction with the competent departments under the State
Council.
Article 31
Rules for the implementation of this Law shall be formulated by the State
Administration for Commodity Inspection and shall come into force after
being submitted to and approved by the State Council.
Article 32
This Law shall come into force as of August 1, 1989. The Regulations of
the People's Republic of China on the Inspection of Import and Export
Commodities promulgated by the State Council on January 28, 1984 shall be
invalidated as of the same date.
Important Notice:
This English document is coming from "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
宁夏回族自治区草原管理条例
宁夏回族自治区人大常委会
宁夏回族自治区草原管理条例
（1994年12月15日宁夏回族自治区第七届人民代表大会常务委员会第十次会议通过 2005年11月16日宁夏回族自治区第九届人民代表大会常务委员会第十九次会议第一次修订）
第一章 总 则
第一条 为了保护、建设和合理利用草原，改善生态环境，维护生物多样性，发展现代畜牧业，促进经济和社会的可持续发展，根据《中华人民共和国草原法》（以下简称《草原法》）和其他法律、法规的规定，结合自治区实际，制定本条例。
第二条 自治区行政区域内从事草原规划、保护、建设、利用和管理活动的，适用本条例。
第三条 本条例所称草原是指具有草原生态功能和适用于发展畜牧业生产的天然草原和人工草地。
天然草原包括草地、草山和草坡，人工草地包括改良草地和退耕还草地，不包括城镇草地。
第四条 自治区人民政府草原行政主管部门负责自治区行政区域内的草原监督管理工作。
市、县（市、区）人民政府草原行政主管部门负责本行政区域内的草原监督管理工作。
乡（镇）人民政府应当加强对本行政区域内草原保护、建设和利用情况的监督检查，根据需要可以设立专职或者兼职人员负责具体监督检查工作。
林业、环保、国土资源、水利、公安、工商等部门应当按照各自的职责，依法做好草原保护、建设及其管理工作。
第五条 对在草原管理、保护、建设、合理利用和科学研究等工作中做出显著成绩的单位和个人，各级人民政府和有关部门应当予以表彰和奖励。
第二章 草原权属
第六条 草原权属的确定依据《草原法》的有关规定执行，法律、行政法规未作规定的，按照本条例的规定执行。
第七条 按照国家规定退耕还草的耕地，退耕还草完成后，不得改变土地所有权权属，由县级以上人民政府登记，依法履行土地用途变更手续，发放草原使用权证书。
第八条 依法登记的草原所有权和使用权受法律保护，任何单位和个人不得侵占、买卖或者以其他形式非法转让草原。
第九条 各级人民政府应当完善草原承包经营责任制。
集体所有的草原或者依法确定给集体经济组织使用的国家所有的草原，可以由集体经济组织内的家庭或者联户承包经营。草原承包经营期限为五十年。
第十条 草原承包或者使用权公开拍卖方案应当经本集体经济组织成员的村民大会或者村民代表大会通过，并报乡（镇）人民政府批准后，方可实施。
第十一条 草原承包经营权受法律保护。已经取得草原承包经营权的承包人，可以依法采取转包、出租、互换、转让或者其他方式流转草原承包经营权。
第十二条 承包经营草原，发包方和承包方应当签订书面合同。书面合同可以由自治区草原行政主管部门提供合同样本。
草原承包合同的内容应当包括双方的权利和义务，承包草原四至界限、面积和等级，承包期和起止日期，承包草原用途，休牧、轮牧以及围栏设施维护和违约责任等。承包期届满，在同等条件下，原承包经营者享有优先承包权。
第三章 草原规划与建设
第十三条 自治区对草原保护、建设、利用实行统一规划制度。
县级以上人民政府草原行政主管部门应当会同同级有关部门，依据上一级草原保护、建设、利用规划，编制本行政区域内的草原保护、建设、利用规划，报本级人民政府批准后实施。
经批准的草原保护、建设、利用规划确需调整或者修改的，应当经原批准机关批准。
第十四条 自治区建立草原调查制度。
县级以上人民政府草原行政主管部门应当会同同级有关部门按照自治区草原调查制度每五年进行一次草原调查。草原所有者或者使用者应当支持、配合调查，并提供有关资料。
县级以上人民政府草原行政主管部门应当建立草原资源档案和数据库。
第十五条 自治区人民政府草原行政主管部门应当会同自治区国土资源、环保、水利、林业等有关部门根据国家草原等级评定标准制定自治区草原等级评定标准。
县级以上人民政府草原行政主管部门应当根据草原调查结果、草原的质量，依据自治区草原等级评定标准，对草原进行评等定级。
第十六条 自治区建立草原统计制度。
县级以上人民政府草原行政主管部门和统计部门应当依据自治区草原统计制度的规定，依法对草原的面积、等级、产草量、载畜量等进行统计，并由统计部门定期发布草原统计资料。
草原统计资料是编制草原保护、建设、利用规划的依据。
第十七条 自治区建立草原生产、生态监测预警系统。
县级以上人民政府草原行政主管部门应当对草原的面积、等级、植被构成、生产能力、自然灾害、生物灾害等草原基本状况实行动态监测，及时为本级人民政府和有关部门提供草原动态监测和预警信息服务。
各级人民政府接到预警信息后，应当及时采取相应的防止和控制措施。
第十八条 各级人民政府应当将草原建设纳入国民经济和社会发展规划，逐年增加草原建设投入，支持草原建设。
自治区鼓励单位和个人投资建设草原，按照谁投资、谁建设、谁受益的原则，保护草原投资建设者的合法权益。
第十九条 各级人民政府应当支持、鼓励和引导单位和个人开展草原围栏、饲草饲料储备、牲畜圈舍等生产设施的建设，采用免耕补播、撒播、飞播等方式进行人工种草。
实施草原建设项目应当依据草原保护、建设、利用规划进行，防止沙化和水土流失。各级人民政府草原行政主管部门应当加强对草原建设项目的监督检查。
第四章 草原利用
第二十条 草原承包经营者应当以草定畜，合理利用草原，不得超过草原行政主管部门核定的载畜量。
自治区人民政府草原行政主管部门应当制定并公布本行政区域内不同草原类型的具体载畜量标准。载畜量标准以一定面积草原所能承载的羊单位计算。
第二十一条 市、县（市、区）人民政府草原行政主管部门，应当结合当地实际情况，根据载畜量标准，定期核定草原载畜量，并制定草畜平衡计划，报自治区人民政府草原行政主管部门核准后实施。
第二十二条 草原承包经营者应当按照县级人民政府草原行政主管部门核定的草原载畜量，与发包者签订《草畜平衡责任书》。
《草畜平衡责任书》文本式样，由自治区人民政府草原行政主管部门提供。
第二十三条 草原承包经营者应当遵守县级以上人民政府建立的季节性休牧和划区轮牧制度，合理配置畜群，均衡利用草原。不得在休牧期和轮牧区抢牧、滥牧。
第二十四条 提倡牲畜圈养。
草原承包经营者应当按照饲养牲畜的种类和数量，调剂、储备饲草饲料，采用青贮和饲草饲料加工新技术，逐步改变依赖天然草地放牧的生产方式。
第二十五条 进行矿藏开采和工程建设，应当不占或者少占草原；确需征用或者使用草原的，须经自治区人民政府草原行政主管部门审核同意后，依照有关土地管理的法律、法规的规定办理建设用地审批手续。
第二十六条 因建设征用集体所有的草原的，应当依照《中华人民共和国土地管理法》和《宁夏回族自治区土地管理条例》的有关规定给予补偿；因建设使用国家所有的草原的，应当依照国务院有关规定对草原承包经营者给予补偿。
因建设征用或者使用草原的，应当交纳草原植被恢复费。草原植被恢复费专款专用，由草原行政主管部门按照规定用于恢复草原植被，任何单位和个人不得截留、挪用。
第二十七条 在草原上进行勘探、钻井、修筑地上地下工程或者开辟便道等需要临时占用草原的，占用者应当经县级以上人民政府草原行政主管部门审核同意，按照规定的时间、区域和作业方式进行。占用期满，占用者应当恢复草原植被并及时退还草原。
临时占用草原的期限不得超过两年，不得修建永久性建筑物、构筑物；占用者应当按照合同约定向草原承包经营者支付临时占用草原补偿费。
第五章 草原保护
第二十八条 自治区实行基本草原保护制度。下列草原应当划为基本草原，实行严格保护管理：
（一）重要放牧场；
（二）割草地；
（三）用于畜牧业生产的人工草地、退耕还草地以及改良草地、草种基地；
（四）对调节气候、涵养水源、保持水土、防风固沙具有特殊作用的草原；
（五）作为国家重点保护野生动植物生存环境的草原；
（六）草原科研、教学试验基地；
（七）国务院和自治区人民政府规定应当划为基本草原的其他草原。
各级人民政府应当对基本草原保护和建设实行目标管理责任制。
第二十九条 基本草原以乡镇为单位划区定界，由县级人民政府草原行政主管部门会同国土资源、民政、统计等部门组织实施。
基本草原划区定界后，由自治区人民政府草原行政主管部门和国土资源行政主管部门验收确认，或者由自治区人民政府委托设区的市人民政府组织草原行政主管部门和国土资源行政主管部门验收确认。
承包经营的草原为基本草原的，应当在草原承包经营合同及草原使用权证上注明。
第三十条 划定的基本草原由县级人民政府设立保护标志，并予以公告。
任何单位和个人不得破坏基本草原保护标志和草原围栏等草原保护设施，不得擅自占用或者改变用途；不得在草原上随意设障、封堵草原道路。
第三十一条 自治区建立和实施禁牧制度。
自治区人民政府根据草原生态预警监测情况，决定对全区或者部分地区的草原进行禁牧。具体禁牧的时间、范围及其解除办法由自治区人民政府公告。
第三十二条 禁止开垦草原、挖草皮和其他破坏草原植被活动。对已开垦并造成草原水土流失严重、有沙化现象、需要改善生态环境的，县级以上人民政府应当限期封闭，责令退耕，恢复植被。
第三十三条 禁止在草原上采集国家野生保护植物以及草种种质资源。因科学研究、人工栽培、文化交流等特殊需要采集草原野生保护植物的，应当经自治区人民政府草原行政主管部门批准。
第三十四条 禁止采集、加工、收购和销售发菜。未经批准，不得在草原上滥挖野生甘草、麻黄草、苦豆子等固沙野生植物。
对采集、收购野生甘草、麻黄草、苦豆子等固沙野生植物的，应当经自治区人民政府草原行政主管部门批准。
草原固沙野生植物的采集、收购管理办法由自治区人民政府另行制定。
第三十五条 经自治区人民政府批准，县级以上人民政府可以根据需要，组织有关部门在本行政区域内的重点出入通道设置临时检查站，查堵外出或者进入草原地区采集、收购发菜和非法采挖野生甘草、麻黄草、苦豆子等固沙野生植物的人员和车辆。
第三十六条 各级人民政府应当做好草原鼠害、病虫害和毒害草防治的组织管理工作。县级以上人民政府草原行政主管部门应当加强草原鼠害、病虫害和毒害草的监测预警、调查以及防治工作，组织研究和推广综合防治的办法。
禁止在草原上使用剧毒、高残留以及可能导致二次中毒的农药。
禁止捕杀草原上的鹰、雕和鼬科动物等草原鼠虫害天敌和珍稀野生保护动物。
第三十七条 各级人民政府应当加强基本草原生态环境的管理，防止对草原环境的污染。因建设项目征用和使用基本草原的，在建设项目环境影响评价报告书中应当制定基本草原环境保护方案。禁止单位和个人擅自向草原排放废水、废气、固体废弃物等污染物。
第三十八条 草原防火应当贯彻预防为主、防消结合的方针。
各级人民政府应当建立草原防火责任制，规定草原防火期，并制定草原防火扑火应急预案，切实做好草原火灾的预防和扑救工作。草原防火、扑火费用纳入同级财政预算。
第六章 监督检查
第三十九条 自治区人民政府草原行政主管部门及草原面积较大的市、县（市、区）人民政府草原行政主管部门设立草原监督管理机构，负责草原法律、法规执行情况的监督检查，并对违反草原法律、法规的行为进行查处。
自治区公安机关和草原面积较大的市、县（市、区）公安机关设立草原治安管理机构，负责草原治安工作。
草原监督管理机构和草原治安管理机构的执法经费纳入同级财政预算。
第四十条 草原监督检查人员履行监督检查职责时，有权采取以下措施：
（一）要求被检查单位或者个人提供相关的文件和资料，并可以进行查阅或者复制；
（二）要求被检查单位或者个人对草原权属等问题作出说明；
（三）进入违法现场进行拍照、摄像和勘验；
（四）责令被检查单位或者个人停止违反草原法律、法规的行为，履行法定义务。
第四十一条 草原监督检查人员在履行监督检查职责时，应当出示行政执法证件。
有关单位和个人对草原监督检查人员的监督检查工作应当给予支持和配合，不得拒绝或者阻碍草原监督检查人员依法执行职务。
第七章 法律责任
第四十二条 有下列行为之一的，依照《草原法》的有关规定处罚：
（一）买卖或者以其他形式非法转让草原的；
（二）未经批准或者采取欺骗手段骗取批准，非法使用草原的；
（三）在临时占用的草原上修建永久性建筑物、构筑物的；
（四）未经县级以上人民政府草原行政主管部门审核同意擅自在草原上进行勘探、钻井、修筑地上地下工程或者开辟便道临时占用草原的，或者临时占用草原期限届满的，用地单位不予恢复草原植被的；
（五）非法开垦草原的；
（六）未经批准擅自改变草原保护、建设、利用规划的。
第四十三条 违反本条例规定，超过核定的载畜量放牧的，由县级以上人民政府草原行政主管部门责令限期改正；逾期不改正的，处以每个超载羊单位十元以上三十元以下的罚款。
第四十四条 违反本条例规定，在草原禁牧期和禁牧区域放牧牲畜的，或者在休牧期、轮牧区抢牧、滥牧的，由县级以上人民政府草原行政主管部门给予警告，并可处以每个羊单位五元以上三十元以下的罚款；无法确定放牧羊单位的数量的，处以一百元以上二千元以下的罚款。
第四十五条 违反本条例规定，非法捕杀草原上的鹰、雕和鼬科动物等草原鼠虫害天敌和珍稀野生保护动物，按照《中华人民共和国陆生野生动物保护实施条例》的有关规定处罚。
第四十六条 违反本条例规定，损毁草原围栏等草原保护设施或者基本草原保护标志的，由县级以上人民政府草原行政主管部门责令其限期恢复原状，并处以一百元以上二千元以下的罚款；造成损失的，应当依法承担赔偿责任。
第四十七条 违反本条例规定，擅自向草原排放废水、废气、固体废弃物等污染物，造成草原污染的，由县级以上人民政府环境保护行政主管部门依法处罚。给草原使用者造成损失的，应当依法承担赔偿责任；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
第四十八条 违反本条例规定，在草原上采集发菜、滥挖野生甘草、麻黄草、苦豆子等固沙野生植物或者从事破坏草原植被的其他活动的，由县级以上人民政府草原行政主管部门责令停止违法行为，没收非法财物和违法所得，并处以违法所得一倍以上五倍以下的罚款；给草原所有者或者使用者造成损失的，依法承担赔偿责任。
对非法组织采挖、收购、贩运野生甘草、麻黄草、苦豆子等固沙野生植物的，由县级以上人民政府草原行政主管部门没收非法财物和违法所得，并处以五千元以上五万元以下的罚款；给草原所有者或者使用者造成损失的，依法承担赔偿责任。
第四十九条 阻碍草原监督检查人员依法执行职务的，由公安机关依法给予治安处罚；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
第五十条 当事人对行政处罚不服的，可以依法申请行政复议或者提起行政诉讼。
第五十一条 国家工作人员和草原监督管理机构工作人员有下列行为之一的，由有关部门对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员依法给予行政处分；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任：
（一）截留、挪用草原改良、人工种草和草种生产资金或者草原植被恢复费的；
（二）非法批准或者违反法定程序批准征收、征用和使用草原的；
（三）违法批准采挖草原野生固沙植物的；
（四）未及时提供草原生产与生态监测预警信息，或者接到预警信息后未及时采取相应防止和控制措施的。
第八章 附 则
第五十二条 本条例自2006年1月1日起实施。
